Desalination

We developed a real-time aerosolization method combined with membrane filtration technique to determine size and number of dissolved and suspended colloid nanoparticles in water. Feed water before and after being treated by MF, UF or NF membranes was in-situ aerosolized and dried, and size and numbe

A silica membrane was fabricated using the aerosol flame deposition (AFD) method under different sintering temperatures. It was characterized, in terms of roughness, pure water permeability, contact angle, zeta potential, and effective pore size distribution. Membrane performance was evaluated with

Biofouling due to microbial growth on the RO membrane adds significant osmotic pressure and causes frequent chemical cleaning which reduces the life of RO membrane. Biocides such as chlorine, ozone, and UV have been used to control microbial growth correlated to the biological fouling of the RO memb

To increase the surface area of electrodes for electrosorption, porous carbon electrodes were fabricated using a wet phase inversion method. A carbon slurry consisting of a mixture of activated carbon powder (ACP) and polyvinylidene fluoride solution was cast directly on a graphite sheet. The cast f

A theoretical study was made on the effect of a cooling tower on a solar desalination system. A prototype unit was designed using the humidification–dehumidification principle. It had the following independent components: a humidifier, a condenser, two solar collectors of air and of water, and a coo

In a previous paper, the performance of the humidification–dehumidification (HD) desalination process was optimized through mathematical programming. In this paper, by adding a solar system to the model, the total solar HD system is optimized. The main purpose of this optimization is the reduction o

In this paper the humidification–dehumidification desalination process is studied and its performance optimized using mathematical programming. An advantage of this method is consideration of the simultaneous effect of various parameters on process performance. An NLP system model is solved for thre

Using air as a carrier gas is common in humidification–dehumidification desalination processes. A computer program was written using mass and energy balances for modeling the process behavior. The parameters considered in this work were inlet air and fresh water recycle temperatures, inlet air flow

Environmental effects are one of the main concerns of massive desalination facilities.To reach the objective of no brine discharge the salt from seawater must be completely separated and obtained as a secondary and valuable product. If no CO 2 emission increase is desired, the power source must be a