Research Abstracts

A three-step demineralization process for removing scale-forming substances from brine solutions produced from nanofiltration (NF) of water was developed. The process is designed to remove substances that would lead to scale and membrane fouling during additional stages of NF or reverse osmosis (RO).

• Experiments demonstrate the multifunctionality of shock electrodialysis. • Besides deionization and filtration, nanoparticles can be separated by charge. • Bacteria in the feedwater are either filtered or killed by large electric fields.

Membrane scaling during water desalination by membrane distillation has been studied. A tap water was applied as a feed and diluted HCl solutions were used for periodical cleaning of module. The membrane morphology and the composition of deposits were determined using scanning electron microscopy co

Kinetics of surface water desalination by neutralization dialysis (ND) was studied in a three-compartment stack with ion-exchange membranes, and the process feasibility was evaluated. The pH and the ionic conductivity of a model saline solution (0.02 M NaCl) were measured during different ND operati

This paper offers a review on different experiences that have been conducted in South America, which are of interest for the agricultural use of the brine reject originated in inland desalination plants. The results obtained by a combined production scheme that uses brine reject from inland desalina

Advances in material science promise the development of a new generation of ultrapermeable membranes (UPMs) for reverse osmosis (RO) desalination and water reclamation, which will lead to reduced footprint and lower capital costs. However, due to the attendant increased concentration-polarization (C

• This is a first assessment in desalination application with a potential ecological indicator. • Ecological indicator studies of desalination project are reviewed. • Sustainability management of ecological indicators' major characteristics is important in risk and/or impact assessment. • This study

This research proposes a two-stage process for the removal of sulfate from a nano-filtration (NF) reject stream. In Stage 1, calcium chloride is used to partially remove the majority of sulfate as calcium sulfate precipitate while the remaining sulfate is removed in Stage 2 as calcium sulfoaluminate

A polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membrane was fabricated and compared to a commercially available cellulose acetate (CTA) membrane for treating shale gas drilling flow-back fluids (SGDFs). The polyamide TFC membrane outperformed its CTA counterpart in terms of pure water flux a

The presence of fine solids and dissolved organics in produced water from Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) process can potentially block pressure vessels and cause fouling and corrosion in steam boilers. Ceramic membranes in tubular configurations with pore sizes of 20 kDa, 50 nm and 100 nm were