Research Abstracts

In many places world wide drinkable water is already a scarce good and its lack will rise dramatically in the future. Missing energy sources and no grid connections complicates the use of standard desalination techniques in these places. Fraunhofer ISE develops solar thermally driven compact desalin

A number of water resources management policies and legislations have been enacted in Malawi. The policies and legislations have been regulatory in nature. The Water Resources Act (1969) and the subsidiary Water Resources (Pollution Control) Regulations provide the main regulatory framework for wate

Potable water and sanitation facilities access constitutes one of the major problems faced by developing countries. In Senegal, more than 70% of urban centres lack drinking water distribution networks and satisfactory sewage systems. For this reason, public authorities have initiated series of insti

It is generally accepted that scientific research offers a tool for meeting the development demands in the area of water and sanitation. It is stressed by the authors that research should be performed by researchers in the countries most affected, on topics identified by these researchers and in the

Water supply coverage in Ghana is not to the desired level despite concerted efforts by the Government of Ghana (GOG) and other NGOs. The inability of government led and supported water facilities constituting the formal water service delivery to achieve universal supply obligation has led to indivi

Nigeria is among the group of developing countries that have adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) blueprint as a veritable vehicle for poverty eradication, economic growth and sustainable development. However, the pollution of its surface water from discharges from domestic, industrial an

When desalinating seawater using reverse osmosis membranes, the high-pressure pump consumes more than 70% of all energy used in the desalination plant. Ever increasing energy prices force the desalination industry to focus on overall power consumption of the high-pressure pump and the total Sea Wate

Clinoptilolite is a natural zeolite with exceptional adsorption capacity. Integrated into an appropriate technical set-up it has been tested with raw-water mimicking the situation in emergencies where the requirement of safe drinking water has been critical for the public health. These results have

Information on the extent of health problems caused by fluoride in Tanzania is scanty. To determine the prevalence and the severity of dental fluorosis in relation to fluoride level in water and in ‘magadi’ (Sodium Carbonate and Sodium Bicarbonate), 2912 school children aged 12–18 years from 96 vill

Discharge of liquid and solid waste from Jimma town has resulted in a gradual degradation of the quality of the river water feeding the Gilgel Gibe dam, which was constructed for the development of the hydroelectric potential of the Gilgel Gibe River. In general, wastewater is not treated, which mak